Instead of applying a universal template to all climate-related disasters—in which we issue funding to support reconstruction, restoration and relocation—we must collaborate with those impacted to ...

“A top-down approach starts with a big picture, breaking it down into smaller components until achieving the objective. A bottom-up approach starts with small, individual components and builds to a ...

Developing an ethos of innovation as part of company culture in the context of a BPO can be a tricky goal. For many organizations, the focus is on a top-down strategic innovation approach that ...

Despite decades of progress, the origin of life remains one of the great unsolved problems in science. "The most basic features of biology, that organisms are made of cells, that they pass genetic ...

At the heart of bottom-up nanotechnology lies a process driven by thermodynamics and kinetics, rather than the deterministic approaches characteristic of top-down methods. This fundamental difference ...