Most readers will have at some point received a two-factor authentication code delivered to them by SMS text message. Many apps and websites send the one-time codes to confirm that the person ...

The main purpose of message authentication is to prevent manipulation of the message which is sent. MAC stands for Message Authentication Code which is also known as “Integrity check value” or ...

This post has been rewritten throughout to make clear that the MAC-bypass vulnerability allows attackers to append pseudorandom data to encrypted attachments. It doesn’t allow attackers to choose the ...