Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Vikki Velasquez is a researcher and writer ...

Determining the total cost of ownership (TCO) of a software purchase is a complex process, rife with follow-on and hidden factors that must be taken into account. Here’s how to achieve a more accurate ...

Conversion rate is one of the most common metrics used by marketers, sales folks, and business professionals. It is discussed often and taken on the surface as an important metric or key performance ...

Calculate dividends by subtracting year-end retained earnings from start-year retained earnings, then net income. Dividend payout ratio (DPR) is found by dividing total dividends by net income to ...