The growth rate of an investment shows how much its value increases over time, helping to evaluate performance. A common way to calculate this is by using the compound annual growth rate (CAGR), which ...

Discover the essentials of XIRR, a powerful tool for accurately measuring investment returns adjusted for time value.

In the early stages of a start-up, effective financial management is crucial to ensure sustainability and growth. One vital tool in this endeavor is an Excel burn rate or cash runway dashboard. This ...

Real rate of return adjusts for inflation, providing a true growth measure. S&P 500's real rate is 7.9%, versus a nominal 11.8%, due to inflation. Using real rates in retirement planning ensures ...