Optical vortex beams, characterized by their helical phase fronts and orbital angular momentum (OAM), are pivotal in applications such as high-capacity communication, optical manipulation, and quantum ...
Recent advances in femtosecond optical vortices (FOVs)—characterized by helical wavefronts and high peak power—have enabled breakthroughs in attosecond vortex generation and 3D chiral microfabrication ...