In this paper, we provide Poincaré-type upper and lower variance bounds for a function g(X) of a discrete integer-valued random variable (r.v.) X, in terms of the (forward) differences of g up to some ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS ...

Editor's note: As the following article is a chapter (Chapter 8) from David Koenig's book, Practical Control Engineering: Guide for Engineers, Managers, and Practitioners (MATLAB Examples) (McGraw ...