The transition from second-generation (2G) to third-generation (3G) wireless cellular systems requires multi-standard adaptability in a wireless receiver. An important answer to this request is the ...

One of the most challenging tasks in Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) design is to adapt the cicuitry to ever new CMOS process technology. For digital circuits the number of gates per square mm app.

Shown is a simplified continuous-time sigma-delta ADC model, comprising a sigma-delta modulator and a decimation filter. The DT-S? input structure typically implements switched capacitors, and CT-S?

Based on the amount of e-mail I received after Part 3 of this series (Nov. 7, 2008, p. 18; www.electronicdesign.com, ED Online 19948), many of you have already guessed that an incremental integrator ...

It’s a well-known conundrum that while most computers these days are digital in nature, almost nothing in nature is. Most things we encounter in the real world, whether it’s temperature, time, sound, ...