Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

Field tests are described which investigate the transmission of compatible-single-sideband signals from a typical high-power transmitter for high-frequency broadcasting and which compare reception of ...

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The author is CEO of manufacturer Belar Electronics. The modulation monitor has a reputation as an obscure component in the RF chain, and there is truth behind the statement. For decades, engineers ...

The table below allows you to easily determine the modulation level of an AM transmitter. Connect an RF sample to the horizontal input of an oscilloscope and set the peak-to-peak (pk-pk) unmodulated ...