Many are critical of how regulatory testing practices have evolved and become established—critical both of the scientific rational and the animal welfare costs. The test of whether we are more ...
The NC3Rs is a UK-based scientific organisation dedicated to replacing, refining and reducing the use of animals in research and testing (the 3Rs). We collaborate with scientists and organisations ...
The 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement) are a set of principles that provide an internationally accepted framework toward achieving more humane scientific research by minimizing animal distress.
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