Metastability and random walks constitute central paradigms in the study of stochastic processes, providing deep insights into transient phenomena and long-term dynamics in complex systems.

Here’s a game Claude Shannon, the founder of information theory, invented in 1948. He was trying to model the English language as a random process. Go to your bookshelf, pick up a random book, open it ...

In math, there’s a concept called a random walk, where an object moves across space in no clear pattern. At Yale, it’s been easy to feel pigeonholed into a prescribed path: completing our majors, ...