Power systems today operate in an environment where reliability and safety must be maintained despite rising loads, expanding interconnections, and increasing dependence on distributed energy ...

The rate of transient occurrences varies with every power system. Recent studies show that surges of 1kV or less are common — whereas 3kV surges are rare. Protecting against more frequent (internally ...

Power protection is like insurance: You pay for it, yet hope you don’t need it. But it’s not a simple “purchase.” The first protection question is, “What am I seeking to protect and against what event ...