Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

This study demonstrates a compact optical modulation platform that enables real-time, high-resolution spectroscopy using sub-MHz interleaved combs generated via chip-scale acousto-optic phase ...

The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.