Optimal control theory provides a mathematical framework for determining control strategies that optimise the performance of dynamic systems. In many practical settings, systems display abrupt changes ...

The Takagi--Sugeno (T--S) fuzzy descriptor system offers a promising avenue for controlling non-linear systems but lacks optimal control strategies. Moreover, while robust control methods have been ...

A familiar adage in the competitive sports world. It’s a term coined by a person not associated with sports, but who knew a few things about adverse circumstances a little more challenging than ...