Many applications require a circuit to perform pulse modulation and voltage amplification to drive a load with a train of impulses. A typical application is driving a piezoelectric generator in a ...

If we replace the potentiometer VR1 with an AC signal plus DC bias signal in any of the previous Figures 3 to 17, the voltage controlled attenuators can become an amplitude modulator circuit instead.

An interferometer modulator uses a beamsplitter to produce deflected and transmitted light beams onto mirrored surfaces of a piezoelectric crystal pair, one piezoelectric crystal being driven by a ...