This article demonstrates Cartesian Geometry EDXRF for the measurement of lead (Pb) in gasoline per ASTM D5059 using the Bi internal standard method Part C (ultra-low Pb) and Part A (high Pb).

There are two main methods of calculating the solvency capital requirement (SCR) under Solvency II, the “standard formula” and “internal model” methods: (a) The standard formula method, as its name ...