Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...

Teen Canteen is a catering project set up and run by a group of secondary students. Their business advisor shows them that to create the business output they want from their factors of production, ...