The Internet has benefited humanity in numerous ways, the most notable of which is by providing a platform for virtual environments. Today, every industry is aggressively attempting to virtualize its ...

Chaotic maps have gained significant attention in image encryption systems due to their intrinsic features, including sensitive dependence on initial conditions, non-linear dynamics, high entropy, and ...

Traditional optical encryption systems rely on commercial array detectors like CCDs or CMOS for image capture. This creates a major vulnerability: since these are "generic" devices, an eavesdropper ...