The conscious experience of our surroundings involves several forms of attention, from bottom-up automatic attention to a more focused top-down attention. These forms of attention all rely on neural ...

David Chalmers’ essay on the hard problem of consciousness has sparked many analyses, arguments, and counterclaims. Here I explain why we should think about the hard problem as two different problems, ...

Many of us swing through gates every day—points of entry and exit to a space like a garden, park or subway. Electronics have gates too. These control the flow of information from one place to another ...