Boundary value problems (BVPs) constitute a fundamental class of differential equations where the solutions are determined by prescribing values at the boundaries of the domain. The study of positive ...
Difference equations, as discrete analogues of differential equations, form a fundamental mathematical framework for describing systems that evolve incrementally over time or space. Coupled with ...
The focus of this study is on boundary-value issues for Caputo-type fractional differential equations of order 1 < q < 2. To begin, we demonstrate the existence theorem of mild solutions under certain ...
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