Several bacteria from the Clostridium genus produce botulinum neurotoxins—the most potent biological toxins known—that cause botulism by blocking neurotransmitter release from nerves. Typically, the ...

UPTON, NY -- By deciphering the near atomic-level structure of the catalytic domain of botulinum toxin type E -- one of seven neurotoxins that cause botulism, a disease that paralyzes victims by ...

Scientists have determined the structure of a third subtype of botulinum neurotoxin -- a deadly toxin that causes the disease botulism, and is also used in cosmetic and therapeutic applications. The ...

The toxin complex with its 14 components. The toxin itself is colored pink and sits at the top of the complex. The structure consists of tens of thousands of atoms, and here we only show the surface ...

Botulinum neurotoxins are highly toxic, and bind two receptors to achieve their high affinity and specificity for neurons. Here we present the first structure of a botulinum neurotoxin bound to both ...

Rietie Venter does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

Local injections of botulinum toxin type A have been used to treat essential head tremor but have not been extensively studied in randomized trials. In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial, ...