Learn why the geometric mean is preferred for portfolio returns and how it offers deeper insights into financial performance that the arithmetic mean.

Randolph Grace receives funding from the Marsden Fund, administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand. Everyone knows that arithmetic is true: 2 + 2 = 4. But surprisingly, we don’t know why it’s ...

Learn how the geometric mean measures portfolio performance, focusing on compounding effects to provide a more accurate average return than the arithmetic mean.

A basic feature of number theory, prime numbers are also a fundamental building block of computer science, from hashtables to cryptography. Everyone knows that a prime number is one that cannot be ...

Jeremiah Bartz owns shares in Nvidia. A shard of smooth bone etched with irregular marks dating back 20,000 years puzzled archaeologists until they noticed something unique – the etchings, lines like ...